The Relationship Between Smartphone Usage Duration and Distance During Sleep and Sleep Quality Among Employees of RSJKO X

M. Kafit; Rasmin Nurjading; Hengky Oktarizal; Novela Sari; Mutia Permata Iryanti; Roni Razali; Ahmadi Ahmadi; Fajar Fajar; Lamtiur Sinaga

Authors

M. Kafit Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Rasmin Nurjading Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Hengky Oktarizal Master Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Novela Sari Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Mutia Permata Iryanti Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Roni Razali Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Ahmadi Ahmadi Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Fajar Fajar Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University
Lamtiur Sinaga Environmental Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ibnu Sina University

Keywords:

Sleep quality, duration of smartphone use, distance from smartphone, hospital staff

Abstract

Sleep quality is a key indicator of an employee's physical and mental health, and the growing use of smartphones has raised concern about its effect on rest. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the duration of smartphone use and smartphone distance during sleep with sleep quality among employees of X Mental Health and Drug Addiction Hospital (RSJKO), in 2026. A quantitative method with a cross-sectional design was used, involving 81 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and analyzed using univariate and bivariate Chi-Square tests at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). Results showed that 51.9% of respondents had a risky daily smartphone use duration (>2–4 hours/day), while 70,4% kept a safe smartphone distance (≥1 metre) during sleep, and 77,8% had good sleep quality. Bivariate analysis found a significant relationship between duration of smartphone use and sleep quality (p = 0,013), whereas smartphone distance during sleep showed no significant relationship with sleep quality (p = 0,845). The study concludes that duration of smartphone use, rather than its distance from the body during sleep, is associated with sleep quality among RSJKO employees. Employees are advised to limit smartphone use, particularly at night, to help maintain good sleep quality.

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